Anesthesia Technologist Practice Exam

What factors determine the amount of tissue damage in an electrical accident?

1. Voltage and capacitance

2. Current density and resistance

3. Distance and duration of contact

4. Type of electrical source and exposure

The correct answer is: Current density and resistance

The amount of tissue damage in an electrical accident is primarily determined by current density and resistance. Current density refers to the amount of electric current flowing per unit area of conductive tissue, which significantly impacts how much damage occurs. Higher current density can lead to greater thermal effects, resulting in more severe tissue injury. Resistance is also a critical factor, as it influences how much current flows through the body when exposed to an electrical source. The human body's resistance can vary depending on several factors, such as the moisture content of the skin and the area of contact with the electrical source. When resistance is low, more current can flow through the body, increasing the potential for harm. Understanding these principles is essential for recognizing the seriousness of electrical injuries and the physiological responses that can follow. While other factors like voltage and exposure duration may play roles in specific scenarios, current density and resistance have a direct and significant correlation with tissue damage.